GCE O/L Sri Lanka (English Medium) – A Study Guide
By chandi
Categories: School Subjects
About Course
A complete, exam-focused study guide for students sitting the GCE Ordinary Level examination in Sri Lanka in English medium. Notes are built around the NIE Grade 10–11 syllabus and the Department of Examinations paper formats, with original worked examples and practice in the style of past papers.
What’s inside
- Start Here – how the O/L works (subjects, grades, A/L entry, reforms) and how to study with past papers
- Core subjects – Mathematics, Science, English Language, History
- First Language & Literature – Sinhala, Tamil (bilingual guides: English explanations with Sinhala/Tamil examples and model answers)
- Religion – Buddhism, Saivaneri (Hinduism), Christianity, Catholicism, Islam
- Category I basket – Business & Accounting Studies, Geography, Civic Education, Entrepreneurship Studies, Sinhala as a Second Language, Tamil as a Second Language
- Category II basket (aesthetic) – Art, Western Music, Oriental Music, Dancing (Oriental), Drama & Theatre, Appreciation of English Literary Texts
- Category III basket – ICT, Communication & Media Studies, Agriculture & Food Technology, Health & Physical Education, Home Economics, Design & Construction Technology
How each subject works
- Every subject opens with Exam at a glance: paper structure, marks and the most-tested topics
- Each lesson ends with Practice Questions followed by a full Answers section
- Each subject finishes with a graded Mock Quiz; after submitting, open your attempt to review the correct answers and explanations
Note: First Language (Sinhala/Tamil) papers must be answered in Sinhala or Tamil, and some subjects (for example Dancing and Oriental Music) are mainly examined in Sinhala medium. Always confirm your medium, the latest paper format and the timetable on doenets.lk and with your teacher.
Course Content
Start Here: About the O/L Exam
What the GCE O/L (English medium) involves: subjects, grades, A/L entry, the latest reform news and where to find official papers. Also covers a proven study and past-paper strategy.
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Start Here 1: About the GCE O/L (English Medium)
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Start Here 2: How to Study & Use Past Papers
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Start Here – Mock Quiz
Mathematics
The complete Grade 10–11 O/L Mathematics syllabus with many worked examples. Covers number and logarithms, financial maths, algebra, sequences, matrices, graphs, mensuration, geometry, trigonometry, statistics, sets and probability.
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Mathematics 1: Exam Overview, Real Numbers, Indices & Logarithms
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Mathematics 2: Financial Maths – Interest, Rates, Taxes & Shares
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Mathematics 3: Algebra, Equations, Inequalities, Progressions & Matrices
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Mathematics 4: Graphs & Mensuration
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Mathematics 5: Geometry, Circle Theorems, Constructions & Trigonometry
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Mathematics 6: Statistics, Sets & Probability
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Mathematics – Mock Quiz
Science
Integrated O/L Science for English-medium candidates: biology, chemistry and physics from the NIE Grade 10–11 syllabus, with worked calculations and Paper II structured-question technique.
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Science 1: Exam Overview & Life Processes
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Science 2: Transport, Coordination, Genetics & Ecology
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Science 3: Matter, the Periodic Table & Chemical Bonding
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Science 4: Chemical Reactions, the Mole & Acids and Bases
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Science 5: Motion, Forces, Energy & Pressure
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Science 6: Electricity, Magnetism, Waves & Light (with Paper II Strategy)
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Science – Mock Quiz
English Language
Complete preparation for the compulsory O/L English Language Papers I and II – grammar, vocabulary and cloze, reading comprehension, guided writing and long writing, with original practice passages and model answers.
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English Language 1: Exam Overview & Study Strategy
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English Language 2: Grammar Essentials
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English Language 3: Vocabulary, Word Forms & Cloze
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English Language 4: Reading Comprehension & Information Transfer
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English Language 5: Guided & Short Writing – Notices, Messages, Letters, Emails, Dialogues
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English Language 6: Essays, Speeches, Articles & Stories
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English Language – Mock Quiz
History
Compulsory O/L subject covering the NIE Grade 10–11 syllabus: sources and ancient Sri Lanka, the Kandyan Kingdom and Western powers, British rule and resistance, the plantation economy and national revival, constitutional reforms to independence (1948) and after, plus world history from the Industrial Revolution to the UN.
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History 1: Exam Overview, Sources & Ancient Sri Lanka
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History 2: Kandyan Kingdom, Renaissance & the Western Powers
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History 3: Establishment of British Power & the 1818 and 1848 Struggles
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History 4: Economic & Social Change under the British and the National Revival
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History 5: Constitutional Reforms, Independence (1948) & Sri Lanka after Independence
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History 6: World History – Industrial Revolution, Revolutions, World Wars & the UN
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History – Mock Quiz
Sinhala Language & Literature (First Language)
Compulsory core (mother-tongue) O/L subject for Sinhala-medium students, examined in Sinhala through three papers (MCQ, language use and writing, literature). The NIE Grade 10–11 syllabus covers the Sinhala script and spelling, grammar (sandhi, samasa, cases, verbs, voice, written vs spoken Sinhala), comprehension, summary and functional writing, and prescribed classical and modern literature.
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Sinhala Language & Literature 1: Exam Overview & The Alphabet and Spelling
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Sinhala Language & Literature 2: Word Classes, Cases, Sandhi and Compounds
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Sinhala Language & Literature 3: Verbs, Voice and Written vs Spoken Sinhala
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Sinhala Language & Literature 4: Comprehension, Summary and Functional Writing
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Sinhala Language & Literature 5: Prescribed Literature and Appreciation
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Sinhala Language & Literature – Mock Quiz
Tamil Language & Literature (First Language)
Tamil Language and Literature is the core first-language subject for Tamil-medium O/L candidates, and it is examined and answered entirely in Tamil. The NIE Grade 10–11 syllabus covers grammar (letters, words, sentences, prosody, figures of speech), comprehension and précis, creative and functional writing, and selected classical, medieval, modern and Sri Lankan Tamil literature.
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Tamil Language & Literature 1: Exam Overview & Letters (எழுத்து)
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Tamil Language & Literature 2: Words, Cases, Joining & Sentences (சொல், புணர்ச்சி, வாக்கியம்)
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Tamil Language & Literature 3: Prosody, Figures of Speech & Poetry Appreciation (யாப்பு, அணி, நயம்)
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Tamil Language & Literature 4: Comprehension, Précis & Writing (கட்டுரை, கடிதம், அறிக்கை)
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Tamil Language & Literature 5: Prescribed Literature – Classical, Folk & Modern
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Tamil Language & Literature (First Language) – Mock Quiz
Buddhism
Buddhism is a core religion subject at GCE O/L (Paper I: 40 MCQs; Paper II: structured/essay), taken by Buddhist candidates. The NIE Grade 10–11 syllabus covers the life of the Buddha, the Triple Gem, the Four Noble Truths, Eightfold Path, Tilakkhana, Paticcasamuppada, kamma, ethics, meditation, prescribed suttas, Jatakas and Dhammapada, and the history, culture and art of Buddhism in Sri Lanka and the world.
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Buddhism 1: Exam Overview & The Life of the Buddha and the Triple Gem
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Buddhism 2: Core Dhamma – Four Noble Truths, Eightfold Path, Tilakkhana, Paticcasamuppada, Kamma and Rebirth
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Buddhism 3: Sila, Wholesome Minds, Brahmaviharas, Paramis & Jatakas, and Meditation
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Buddhism 4: Suttas, the Dhammapada and Buddhist Social Ethics
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Buddhism 5: Councils, History, Art & Architecture, and Festivals
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Buddhism – Mock Quiz
Saivaneri (Hinduism)
Saivaneri is the core O/L religion subject for Hindu students (one religion is compulsory), examined through a multiple-choice Paper I and a written Paper II. The NIE Grade 10–11 syllabus covers Saiva Siddhanta (Pathi, Pasu, Pasam), Siva and forms of worship, temples, rituals, festivals and vratams, the Nayanmars and Thirumurai, Puranas and Ithihasas, Thirukkural ethics and the history of Saivism in Sri Lanka.
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Saivaneri 1: Exam Overview & Saiva Siddhanta (Pathi, Pasu, Pasam)
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Saivaneri 2: Siva, Forms of Worship, Temples & Rites
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Saivaneri 3: Festivals, Vratams & Religious Life
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Saivaneri 4: Nayanmars, Thirumurai, Puranas & Ithihasas
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Saivaneri 5: Thirukkural Ethics, Saivism in Sri Lanka & Social Values
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Saivaneri (Hinduism) – Mock Quiz
Christianity
The Bible, the Old Testament, the life and teaching of Jesus in Luke, Acts and the early Church, Christian living and ethics, worship, and Christianity in Sri Lanka, following the NIE Grade 10–11 Christianity syllabus (English medium).
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Christianity 1: Exam Overview & Old Testament Foundations
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Christianity 2: The Life of Jesus in Luke’s Gospel
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Christianity 3: Teachings, Parables & Miracles of Jesus
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Christianity 4: The Early Church – Acts, Paul & Church History
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Christianity 5: Christian Living, Worship & Christianity in Sri Lanka
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Christianity – Mock Quiz
Catholicism
Sacred Scripture and Genesis, the seven sacraments, liturgy and the liturgical year, the Commandments, the Church and Catholic social teaching, saints, and the Catholic Church in Sri Lanka, following the NIE Grade 10–11 Catholicism syllabus (English medium).
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Catholicism 1: Exam Overview & Sacred Scripture
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Catholicism 2: The Seven Sacraments
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Catholicism 3: Liturgy, the Liturgical Year & the Commandments
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Catholicism 4: The Church, Social Teaching, Saints & the Church in Sri Lanka
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Catholicism – Mock Quiz
Islam
Islam is a core religion subject at GCE O/L (Paper I: 40 MCQs; Paper II: structured/essay), taken by Muslim candidates. The NIE Grade 10–11 syllabus covers Aqeedah, Qur'an and Hadith studies, sources of Shari'ah, Fiqh of worship and transactions, family life, Akhlaq, the Seerah, the Khulafa ar-Rashidun and the history of Muslims in Sri Lanka.
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Islam 1: Exam Overview & Aqeedah – Iman, Tawhid and Ibadah
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Islam 2: The Qur’an, Hadith and the Sources of Shari’ah
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Islam 3: Fiqh of Ibadah – Taharah, Salah, Zakah, Sawm and Hajj
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Islam 4: Mu’amalat, Family Life and Akhlaq
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Islam 5: Seerah, the Khulafa ar-Rashidun and Muslims in Sri Lanka
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Islam – Mock Quiz
Business & Accounting Studies
The business and its environment, forms of ownership, banking, insurance, transport, warehousing, trade and marketing, plus bookkeeping from the accounting equation and double entry to trial balance and financial statements with worked LKR examples.
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Business & Accounting Studies 1: Exam Overview, Business & the Business Environment
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Business & Accounting Studies 2: Forms of Business Organisation & Management
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Business & Accounting Studies 3: Business Support Services, Trade & Marketing
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Business & Accounting Studies 4: Accounting Concepts, Double Entry, Ledger & Trial Balance
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Business & Accounting Studies 5: Financial Statements, Adjustments & Manufacturing Cost
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Business & Accounting Studies – Mock Quiz
Geography
Physical geography of the Earth and Sri Lanka, agriculture and industry, resources, population and development, natural hazards, climate change and 1:50,000 map skills for the GCE O/L (English medium).
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Geography 1: Exam Overview, the Earth System & Physical Sri Lanka
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Geography 2: Agriculture & Industries – World and Sri Lanka
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Geography 3: Natural Resources, Population & Development
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Geography 4: Natural Hazards, Climate Change & Map Skills
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Geography – Mock Quiz
Civic Education
O/L Category I subject covering the NIE Grade 10–11 syllabus: democracy and the state, levels of government, law and the courts, human rights and duties, multicultural society, conflict resolution, economic systems and productivity, sustainable development and international relations.
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Civic Education 1: Exam Overview & Democratic Government
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Civic Education 2: Levels of Government, Law & Justice in Sri Lanka
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Civic Education 3: Human Rights & Duties, Multicultural Society and Conflict Resolution
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Civic Education 4: Economic Systems, Sustainable Development & International Relations
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Civic Education – Mock Quiz
Entrepreneurship Studies
The entrepreneur, creativity and innovation, the business environment and business ideas, preparing a business plan with LKR sales, cost, investment and cash-flow estimates, forms of organisation, franchising and entrepreneurial culture in Sri Lanka.
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Entrepreneurship Studies 1: Exam Overview, the Entrepreneur, Creativity & Innovation
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Entrepreneurship Studies 2: Business Environment, Ideas & Opportunities
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Entrepreneurship Studies 3: The Business Plan & Financial Estimates
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Entrepreneurship Studies 4: Forms of Organisation, Franchising & Entrepreneurial Culture
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Entrepreneurship Studies – Mock Quiz
Sinhala as a Second Language
Optional Category I (first basket) O/L subject for students whose first language is Tamil, including many English-medium students, examined through an MCQ paper and a written paper in Sinhala. The NIE Grade 10–11 syllabus covers the Sinhala script and pronunciation, everyday vocabulary and dialogues, core grammar (tenses, cases, questions, polite forms, spoken vs written Sinhala), reading comprehension and short practical writing.
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Sinhala as a Second Language 1: Exam Overview & Script and Pronunciation
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Sinhala as a Second Language 2: Core Vocabulary and Everyday Dialogues
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Sinhala as a Second Language 3: Grammar – Tenses, Cases, Questions and Polite Forms
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Sinhala as a Second Language 4: Reading, Writing and Exam Technique
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Sinhala as a Second Language – Mock Quiz
Tamil as a Second Language
Second Language – Tamil is an optional Category I basket subject for students whose first language is Sinhala (and English-medium students choosing Sri Lanka's second national language), examined in Paper I (MCQ) and Paper II (written). The NIE Grade 10–11 syllabus covers the Tamil script and pronunciation, everyday vocabulary, core grammar (tenses, case suffixes, negatives, questions, polite forms), reading comprehension, short writing and everyday dialogues.
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Tamil as a Second Language 1: Exam Overview & Script and Pronunciation
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Tamil as a Second Language 2: Core Vocabulary Themes
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Tamil as a Second Language 3: Sentence Patterns, Pronouns and Case Suffixes
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Tamil as a Second Language 4: Verbs, Tenses, Negatives, Questions and Polite Forms
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Tamil as a Second Language 5: Reading, Writing, Dialogues and Oral Skills
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Tamil as a Second Language – Mock Quiz
Art
Art is a Category II (aesthetic) basket subject at the GCE O/L, available in Sinhala, Tamil and English medium and examined through a theory paper and a practical drawing/painting paper. The NIE Grade 10–11 syllabus covers the elements and principles of art, media and techniques, still life, figure, landscape, imaginative composition and design, Sri Lankan, Indian and world art history, and art appreciation.
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Art 1: Exam Overview & Elements and Principles of Art
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Art 2: Media, Techniques, Composition and Design
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Art 3: Sri Lankan Art History – Anuradhapura to the ’43 Group
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Art 4: Indian and World Art, Appreciation and Practical Exam Technique
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Art – Mock Quiz
Western Music
Western Music is an optional Category II (aesthetic) basket subject at the GCE O/L, examined through written papers (MCQ plus structured/essay) and a DoE practical with a listening test. Based on the NIE Grade 10–11 syllabus, this section covers rudiments, scales and intervals, harmony and cadences, melody writing, form, music history from Baroque to the 20th century, orchestral instruments, Sri Lankan forms such as Nadagam and Nurthi, and aural and practical exam skills.
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Western Music 1: Exam Overview & Notation, Note Values and Time
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Western Music 2: Scales, Keys, Intervals, Transposition & Ornaments
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Western Music 3: Harmony, Cadences, Melody Writing & Form
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Western Music 4: Music History – Baroque to the 20th Century
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Western Music 5: Instruments, Sri Lankan Music & the Practical Exam
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Western Music – Mock Quiz
Oriental Music
Oriental Music is an optional Category II (aesthetic) basket subject at the GCE O/L, examined mostly in Sinhala medium through written papers (MCQ plus structured/essay) and a DoE practical test. Following the NIE Grade 10–11 syllabus, this section covers swara, saptaka and the thaat system, prescribed ragas, talas and Bhatkhande notation, Indian and Sri Lankan instruments, Sinhala folk songs and drama traditions, Indian music history, Sri Lankan pioneers and practical exam tips.
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Oriental Music 1: Exam Overview & Nada, Swara, Saptaka and Thaat
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Oriental Music 2: Raga Studies – Yaman, Bhairavi and Other Ragas
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Oriental Music 3: Tala, Laya & Bhatkhande Notation
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Oriental Music 4: Instruments, Folk Music & Drama Traditions
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Oriental Music 5: History, Great Musicians, Sri Lankan Pioneers & the Practical
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Oriental Music – Mock Quiz
Dancing (Oriental)
Dancing (Oriental) is a Category II (aesthetic) basket subject at the GCE O/L, examined through written papers plus a separate DoE practical test (papers are issued mainly in Sinhala medium). The NIE Grade 10–11 syllabus covers the Kandyan, Low-country and Sabaragamuwa traditions, vannams and the ves tradition, rituals, folk dance and drama, rhythm and instruments, dance pioneers and Indian classical dance.
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Dancing (Oriental) 1: Exam Overview & The Three Traditions of Sri Lankan Dance
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Dancing (Oriental) 2: Kandyan Dance – Kohomba Kankariya, Ves and the 18 Vannams
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Dancing (Oriental) 3: Rituals, Folk Dance, Folk Drama, Instruments and Tala
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Dancing (Oriental) 4: Pioneers, Indian Classical Dance and Practical Exam Technique
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Dancing (Oriental) – Mock Quiz
Drama & Theatre
Drama and Theatre is an optional Category II (aesthetic) basket subject, offered in Sinhala, Tamil and English medium and assessed through written papers (MCQ and structured/essay) plus a DoE practical test. The NIE Grade 10–11 syllabus covers the elements of drama, world, Asian and Sri Lankan theatre history, prescribed plays, acting skills, stagecraft, directing and production.
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Drama & Theatre 1: Exam Overview & Elements of Drama and Theatre
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Drama & Theatre 2: History of World Theatre
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Drama & Theatre 3: Asian and Sri Lankan Theatre
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Drama & Theatre 4: Prescribed Plays and the Actor’s Skills
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Drama & Theatre 5: Stagecraft, Directing, Production and the Practical Test
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Drama & Theatre – Mock Quiz
Appreciation of English Literary Texts
Revision of the O/L English Literature (subject 46) prescribed poems, short stories, plays and novels, with themes, characters and techniques, plus frameworks for context questions, essays and unseen texts.
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Appreciation of English Literary Texts 1: Exam Overview, Prescribed Texts & Answer Technique
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Appreciation of English Literary Texts 2: Poetry – Prescribed Poems, Devices & Unseen Poems
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Appreciation of English Literary Texts 3: Prose & Drama – Short Stories and Plays
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Appreciation of English Literary Texts 4: The Novel, Unseen Prose & Essay Writing
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Appreciation of English Literary Texts – Mock Quiz
Information & Communication Technology
O/L ICT (English medium): computer fundamentals, number systems and logic, office applications, databases, networks, the Internet and HTML, plus algorithms, Pascal programming and ICT in society.
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Information & Communication Technology 1: Exam Overview, Computer Fundamentals, Number Systems & Logic Gates
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Information & Communication Technology 2: Operating Systems, Word Processing, Spreadsheets & Presentations
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Information & Communication Technology 3: Databases, Networks, the Internet & Web Development
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Information & Communication Technology 4: Algorithms, Programming (Pascal), System Development & ICT in Society
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Information & Communication Technology – Mock Quiz
Communication & Media Studies
The communication process and models, types of mass media, folk media and the history of media in Sri Lanka, news writing and radio/TV production basics, new and social media, media ethics and law, and media literacy.
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Communication & Media Studies 1: Exam Overview, Communication Process & Models
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Communication & Media Studies 2: Mass Media Types & Media in Sri Lanka
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Communication & Media Studies 3: News Reporting, Radio & TV Production, Advertising
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Communication & Media Studies 4: New Media, Ethics, Law & Media Literacy
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Communication & Media Studies – Mock Quiz
Agriculture & Food Technology
Climate and irrigation, soil and plant nutrition, crop propagation and protection, protected agriculture, animal production, post-harvest handling and food preservation for the GCE O/L (English medium).
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Agriculture & Food Technology 1: Exam Overview, Climate & Water Management
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Agriculture & Food Technology 2: Soil & Plant Nutrition
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Agriculture & Food Technology 3: Crop Propagation, Protection & Protected Agriculture
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Agriculture & Food Technology 4: Animal Production, Post-Harvest & Food Preservation
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Agriculture & Food Technology – Mock Quiz
Health & Physical Education
Health concepts, growth and adolescence, nutrition and food safety, body systems, fitness and first aid, plus athletics, team-game rules and sports management for the GCE O/L (English medium).
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Health & Physical Education 1: Exam Overview, Healthy Society & Growth and Development
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Health & Physical Education 2: Nutrition & Food Safety
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Health & Physical Education 3: Body Systems, Fitness & First Aid
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Health & Physical Education 4: Athletics, Games & Sports Management
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Health & Physical Education – Mock Quiz
Home Economics
Home Economics is an optional Category III (technical/practical) basket subject at the GCE O/L, offered in English, Sinhala and Tamil. The NIE Grade 10–11 syllabus covers food and nutrition, meal planning and food management, textiles and clothing, housing and home management, and family and child development.
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Home Economics 1: Exam Overview & Nutrients and Health
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Home Economics 2: Dietary Guidelines, Meal Planning & Food Management
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Home Economics 3: Textiles & Clothing
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Home Economics 4: Housing, Home Management & Consumer Education
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Home Economics 5: Family, Pregnancy & Child Development
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Home Economics – Mock Quiz
Design & Construction Technology
Design & Construction Technology is an optional Category III (technical/practical) basket subject at the GCE O/L, available in English as well as Sinhala and Tamil. The NIE Grade 10–11 syllabus covers the design process, technical drawing, building materials and concrete, building elements from foundation to roof, surveying, water supply, sanitation, electrical installation, cost estimation and sustainable building.
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Design & Construction Technology 1: Exam Overview & the Design Process
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Design & Construction Technology 2: Technical Drawing
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Design & Construction Technology 3: Building Materials & Concrete
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Design & Construction Technology 4: Building Elements – Foundations to Roofs
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Design & Construction Technology 5: Surveying, Services, Estimation & Sustainable Building
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Design & Construction Technology – Mock Quiz
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